Effect of a Nursing Discharge Plan to Improve Self-care in Patients with Heart Failure
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Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a disease with a high impact on people’s quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies that promote self-care from hospitalization and support the transition process. Objective: To determine the effect of a nursing discharge plan on the level of self-care of patients with HF who are hospitalized from January to November 2019. Methodology: Controlled clinical trial with a sample of 64 patients. They were randomized to discharge plan or usual follow-up. To measure the level of self-care, the European Self-Care Scale was used with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.7. A descriptive analysis was performed with tables of frequencies and percentage distribution and the non-parametric Mann Whitney U test. Results: Before applying the discharge plan, it was determined that 90.2 % of the patients in the control and intervention groups had a low level of self-care. After applying the discharge plan, a statistically significant improvement (p: 0.000) was observed in the level of self-care. Conclusions: The discharge plan had a beneficial effect on the level of self-care thanks to its educational, motivational, behavioral reinforcement and symptom management components, allowing patients to assume an active role in modifying their behaviors to promote health.
plan, falla cardiaca, enfermería, autocuidadoplan, heart failure, nursing, self-care
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